Math KG : Shapes and Solids

Plane Geometry

Plane geometry is about flat shapes like lines, circles, triangles... 
That is , Shapes that can be drawn on a piece of paper.

Point

A point is an exact location. It has no size, only position.

we can show point as dots so that it can be seen. Also named it as 'A'. But point really don't have size at all.





Line

Line is a straight which has no curves,no thickness and extends in both the directions without end (infinitely).

Those are the lines which are straight, no curve, we can extend them in both the directions.





Triangle

Triangle has 

• 3 sides (3 lines)
• 3 points (3 Corners)
• No curve
• flat

  

Those are some triangle shapes which has 3 sides,3 points,no curve




Quadrilateral

A quadrilateral which means

• four sided shape
• should be closed
• flat shape
• no curve only straight sides

 

Those are some quadrilateral shapes.
Square, Rectangle, Rhombus, Parallelogram, Trapezium are quadrilaterals which have their own properties.

Square

A Square has

• four sided shape which have equal length
• flat shape
• no curve only straight sides
• should be closed

(All angles must be 90 degree)








Rectangle

• four sided shape where its Opposite sides should be equal in length
• flat shape
• no curve only straight sides
• should be closed

(All angles must be 90 degree)

we can say square is also a rectangle. since square has all the four sides equal which means its opposite sides should be equal.


Rhombus

• four sided shape where all its sides should be equal in length
• Opposite sides must be parallel
• flat shape
• no curve only straight sides
• should be closed

(Opposite angles must be equal)
 we can say square is also a rhombus. since square has all the four sides equal and its opposite sides are parallel. sometimes rhombus can also called as diamond.


Parallelogram

• four sided shape where its Opposite sides should be equal in length
• flat shape
• no curve only straight sides
• should be closed

 

(Opposite angles must be same)
we can say square,rhombus,rectangle are also parallelogram. 




Circle
The circle is a plane shape. The set of all points on a plane that are a fixed distance from a center.

Those are in circle shape. All the lines passes through the center must be equal in length.





Oval

An oval is any curve that looks like an egg or an ellipse.

Oval is not a circle since all the lines passes through the center is NOT equal in length.



Solid Shapes

Solid shapes is the shape of three dimensional space, that is the kind of space we live in. (in simple words, its not a flat object.) 

Sphere

A 3-dimensional object shaped like a ball. Every point on the surface is same distance from the center.

• No flat faces
• one curve face
• Example : Ball

Cube

A box shaped solid object that has 6 identical square faces.

• No curve faces
• 6 flat faces
• flat faces must be in identical square
• Example : Ice cubes

Cuboid

A box shaped solid object that has 6 identical Rectangle faces.

• No curve faces
• 6 flat faces
• flat faces must be in identical rectangle
• Example : Rectangular box

cone

A solid 3-dimensional object with a circular flat base joined to a curved side that ends in an apex point.

• one curve face
• one flat face (in circle)
• Example : Birthday cone cap, cone ice creams

Cylinder

A solid object with two identical flat ends that are circular or elliptical and one curved side.

• One curve face
• two flat circular face
• Example : cans